CHUYÊN ĐỀ 16

GIỚI TỪ - PREPOSITIONS

1. LÍ THUYẾT

1. Định nghĩa giớitừ

Giới từ là từ hay cụm từ thường được dùng với danh từ, tính từ, đại từ để chỉ mối liên hệ giữa các từ này

với các thành phần khác trong câu.

2. Vị trí của giớitừ

Giới từ có vị trí đứng riêng của mình trong câu, sau đây là vị trí của một số giới từ cơ bản trong tiếng

Anh:

1.Trước danhtừ

Ví dụ:

+ at the cinema: ở rạp chiếu phim

+ in 2000: vào năm 2000

2.Sau độngtừ

Có thể liền sau động từ, có thể bị một từ khác xen giữa động từ và giới từ.

Ví dụ:

+ I arrived at the airport on time. (Tôi đến sân bay đúng giờ.)

+ Please turn the radio down! (Làm ơn vặn nhỏ đài chút!)

3. Sau tínhtừ

Ví dụ:

+ Viet Nam is rich in natural resources. (Việt Nam giàu tài nguyên thiên nhiên.)

+ He is very friendly with me. (Anh ấy rất thân thiện với tôi.)

III.Các loại giớitừ

1. Giới từ chỉ thờigian

2. Giới từ chỉ vịtrí

3. Giới từ chỉ sự chuyểnđộng

4. Giới từ chỉ thểcách

4. Những cấu trúc giới từ thôngdụng

2. BÀI TẬP ÁPDỤNG

Exercise 1: Điền vào mỗi chỗ chấm sau đây một giới từ thích hợp

l. You don't like it,do you?                    the contrary, I love it.

2. Mr. Johnson saidhewas                     favor of doing the work rightaway.
3. What time didtheyarrive                     London?
4.                  the past, people did a great deal of work byhand.
5. Every studentshouldspend                     least two hours on his homework every night.
6. Some large cities may have toban cars                    the city center to wipe outsmoke.
7. When she arrived in Britain, she wasn't usedto driving                     the left.
8. Ourflatis                     the second floor of thebuilding.
9. Did you goonholiday                    yourself?
10. They havebeenwaiting                    the bus for half an hour.
11. She has becomeveryfamous                     her novels.
12. Henrywasborn                    1992.
13. What do youoften do                    the evening?
14. Clean airis necessary                    our health.
15. She is alwaysfedup                     washing dishes afterdinner.
16. The roofs arecovered                    red tiles.
17. We arelooking forward                    seeing youagain.
18. She isveryangry                     me.
19. I'mvery grateful                    her                  help.
20. She isvery jealous                   her sister.
21. I'mverysorry                     what I havedone.
22. Miss White wasveryupset                     the news of her father's death.
23. Don't you think you should try tobefriendly                     your classmates?
24. My daily expense are justaboutequal                     my income.
25. We wereverydoubtful                     his ability.
26. The gloves aren'tverysuitable                     that kind of work.
27. She was sad because he wasrude
28. Thank you. Youarekind                    me.
29. Everybodywassurprised                     the news.
30. Areyouexcited                    going on holiday next week?

Exercise 2: Chọn phương án đúng để hoàn thành câu

1. This organizationis quick                    sending relief goods to the floodedareas.

A.with                               B. at                                c. for                                D.about

2. When areyou leaving                    Singapore? This week or nextweek?

A.for                                  B. in                               C. to                                 D„at

3. Can you help me, please? I can't seethedifferences                      these words.

A.from                               B. in                               C. between                       D.about

4. That housereminds me                    the one where I used tolive.

A.of                                   B. for                              C. about                           D.with

5. It wasverykind                     you to lend me the money I needed.

A.for                                  B. of                               C. to                                 D.with

6. We have to apply effective measures to save many plant andanimalspecies                       extinction.

A.from                               B. in                               C. for                               D.on

7. Clearing forests for timberhas resulted                     the loss of biodiversity.

A.with                               B. at                                C. in                                 D.for

8. Sheislooking                      anewplacetolivebecauseshedoesnotwanttodepend                                       her parents anymore.

A. for/ on                           B. after /with                  C. up / forward                D. at /into

9. Duetoindustrialization,wehavetocope                            the fact that many speciesare                       danger

                 extinction.

A. over / at/for                   B. at / upon /over            C. for / on/ with               D. with / in /of

10. Boys! Putyourtoys                    . It is time to go to bed.Don'tstay                     late.

A. off/ on                           B. away / up                   C. down / off                   D. around /for

11. She intended to quit her jobtostay                     home and look                  her sickmother.

A. in/ at                             B. at /after                       C. for / over                     D. up /on

12. He isveryworried                     his new job because he is notquiteprepared                     working.

A. on/ over                        B. to / off                        C. about /for                     D. in /at

13. Instead                  petrol, cars willonlyrun                     solar energy and electricity.

A. of/ on                            B. for / by                       C. in / over                       D. from/upon

14. She has a promisingfuture ahead                    her.

A.for                                  B. from                           C. on                                D.of

15. If you have ever watched television, you haveseenplenty                      drug advertisements.

A.with                               B. of                               C. for                               D.about

16. According                  Bill, there'ssomethingwrong                     my computer.

A. after/ for                        B. on / about                   C. to/with                         D. upon /at

17. I'mterrified                    breaking down on a motorway at night.

A.from                               B.with                            C. for                               D.of

18. As an adult, Iamindependent                     my parents financially.

A.of                                   B.with                            C. out                               D.on

19. Today, women areincreasinglyinvolved                     thepolitics.

A.of                                   B. in                               C.with                              D.from

20. Do you haveanyobjections                    this new road scheme?

A.at                                   B.with                            C. to                                 D.for

21. AsI was                   of the change in the program, I arrived half an hour late for therehearsal.

A.unaware                         B. unconscious               C. unable                         D.unreasonable

22. May Iintroduceyou                     MrsBrown?

A.with                               B. for                              C. to                                 D.of

23. She likesreading books                    the library.

A.in                                   B. at                                C. on                                D.from

24. Many studentsaren'tkeen                     their study atschool.

A.about                             B. for                              C.with                              D.on

25. Please writeyouranswers                     ink.

A.in                                   B.with                            C. of                                 D.by

26. Bread isusuallymade                     wheat.

A.from                               B. of                               C.with                              D.by

27. Education in many countriesis compulsory                     the age of16.

A.for                                  B.when                           C. until                             D.forwards

28. Lack                  food had stunted hisgrowth.

A.of                                   B. in                               C. for                               D.on

29. Family members who live apart try togettogether                      Tet.

A.in                                   B. at                                C. on                                D.during

30. On Christmas Eve children go tobedfull                     excitement.

A.of                                   B.with                            C. up                                D.in

Exercise 3: Gạch chân đáp án đúng

1. She was confused (with/on/about/in) thedates.
2. His book is different (about/from/for/between)mine.
3. The boy is afraid (of/on/in/about)snakes.
4. He was successful (in/with/of/to) hisjob.
5. We are ashamed (at/in/to/of) hisbehavior.
6. Iraq is rich (on/at/to/in)oil.
7. Smoking is harmful (for/with/to/about) ourhealth.
8. She is serious (with/about/of/for) learning to be adoctor.
9. I have some tickets available (for/to/of/with)you.
10. Are you capable (with/of/for/to) doing thatjob?
11. She has suffered (from/to/with/about) her heartattack.
12. Most children are ill-prepared (to/for/from/at)employment.
13. English belongs (from/to/on/in) those who useit.
14. Four-fifths of the world's computers use programs (at/in/on/about)English.
15. My father insisted (in/on/of/at) building a newhouse.
16. We are proud (at /in/on/of) our people's heroictradition.
17. The streets are crowded (at/ in/ with/ of) vehicles at the rushhour.
18. The air at the seaside is good (at/for/on/of)health.
19. I'm not acquainted (at/in/with/of) thoseflowers.
20. Your words are contrary (to/in/on/of) youracts.
21. He is sad (about/in/on/of) his son’slaziness.
22. The book is divided (to/in/into/for) threeparts.
23. We are grateful (at/in/on/to) ourteacher.
24. I'm interested (at/in/on/of) currentevents.
25. Your profession is similar (to/in/on/of)mine.
26. I was absent (at/in/to/from) class beforeyesterday.